The Turing reaction-diffusion model explains how identical cells can self-organize to form spatial patterns.It has been suggested that extracellular signaling molecules with different diffusion coefficients underlie this model, but the contribution of cell-autonomous signaling components is largely unknown.We developed an automated mathematical ana

Natural shark skin has a well-demonstrated drag reduction function, which is mainly owing to its microscopic structure and mucus on the body surface.In order to improve drag reduction, it is necessary to integrate microscopic drag reduction structure and drag reduction agent.In this study, two hybrid approaches to synthetically combine vivid shark

Therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has developed during recent years.Despite the availability of new therapeutic modalities, overall therapy success remains modest, and complete remission is usually achieved and maintained in approximately 30% of patients only.This observation can be explained by a number of reasons.First, the involvemen